Located some 35km south of Jerusalem, Hebron is the second largest city in the West Bank after East Jerusalem with around 215,000 Palestinian inhabitants. A city full of history and tradition, it is believed to be the burial site of Abraham and is therefore holy to Muslims, Christians and Jews. The city is located along the largest mountain chain in Palestine. The city's mountainous landscape varies from heights of 300m in western areas to 1000m in the center of Hebron governorate. The city is the economic center of the West Bank, and full of social, economic and cultural life, as well as hosting sports and a number of academic institutions.

Hebron's huge potential is severely impacted by the Israeli military occupation of the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and Gaza. This entails the Israeli government's separation policy in Hebron, its illegal settlement enterprise, and its violations of human rights and international law. Justifying its actions with the pretext of protecting around 500-800 Israeli settlers in the heart of the city, as well as almost 8000 settlers in the nearby Kiryat Arba settlement, the Israeli military has installed a system of separation that has forced thousands of Palestinian inhabitants of the city to leave their homes. The once lively old city of Hebron has turned into a ghost town.